How to Secure MongoDB Managed Database Clusters

MongoDB is a source-available cross-platform document-oriented database program for high-volume storage. Classified as a NoSQL database program, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with optional schemas.


Data in MongoDB database clusters is encrypted at rest with LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup). However, there are additional steps you can take to ensure that your data is safe.

Restrict Incoming Connections

You can greatly decrease the likelihood of a security breach by restricting which DigitalOcean resources or external IP addresses are allowed to access the nodes in a cluster. This prevents brute force password and denial-of-service attacks from any server not explicitly permitted to connect.

Typically, only the application servers are allowed to connect to the database cluster. Users access the public-facing site, and the public-facing server authenticates and manages database connections in turn.

Add a Trusted Source Using the CLI

How to add a trusted source using the DigitalOcean CLI

To add a trusted source via the command-line, follow these steps:

  1. Install doctl, the DigitalOcean command-line tool.

  2. Create a personal access token, and save it for use with doctl.

  3. Use the token to grant doctl access to your DigitalOcean account.

                  doctl auth init
                
  4. Finally, add a trusted source with doctl databases firewalls append. The basic usage looks like this, but you'll want to read the usage docs for more details:

                  doctl databases firewalls append <database-cluster-id> --rule <type>:<value> [flags]
                

    The following example appends a firewall rule to a database cluster with the ID ca9f591d-f38h-5555-a0ef-1c02d1d1e35 that allows any resources with the example-tag to access the database

                       doctl databases firewalls append ca9f591d-f38h-5555-a0ef-1c02d1d1e35 --rule tag
                    

Add a Trusted Source Using the API

How to add or remove a trusted source using the DigitalOcean API

To add or remove a trusted source using the DigitalOcean API, follow these steps:

  1. Create a personal access token, and save it for use with the API.

  2. Send a PUT request to https://api.digitalocean.com/v2/databases/{database_cluster_uuid}/firewall

    cURL

    To add or remove a trusted source with cURL, call:

    
                    curl -X PUT \
      -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $DIGITALOCEAN_TOKEN" \
      -d '{"rules": [{"type": "ip_addr","value": "192.168.1.1"},{"type": "droplet","value": "163973392"},{"type": "k8s","value": "ff2a6c52-5a44-4b63-b99c-0e98e7a63d61"},{"type": "tag","value": "backend"}]}' \
      "https://api.digitalocean.com/v2/databases/9cc10173-e9ea-4176-9dbc-a4cee4c4ff30/firewall"

    Go

    Go developers can use Godo, the official DigitalOcean V2 API client for Go. To add or remove a trusted source with Godo, use the following code:

    
                    import (
        "context"
        "os"
    
        "github.com/digitalocean/godo"
    )
    
    func main() {
        token := os.Getenv("DIGITALOCEAN_TOKEN")
    
        client := godo.NewFromToken(token)
        ctx := context.TODO()
    
        req := godo.DatabaseUpdateFirewallRulesRequest{
          Rules: []*godo.DatabaseFirewallRule{
            {
             Type:  "ip_addr",
             Value: "192.168.1.1",
           },
            {
             Type:  "droplet",
             Value: "163973392",
           },
            {
             Type:  "k8s",
             Value: "ff2a6c52-5a44-4b63-b99c-0e98e7a63d61",
            },
          },
        }
        _, err := client.Databases.UpdateFirewallRules(ctx, dbID, &req)
    }

    Python

    
                    import os
    from pydo import Client
    
    client = Client(token=os.environ.get("DIGITALOCEAN_TOKEN"))
    
    req = {
      "rules": [
        {
          "type": "ip_addr",
          "value": "192.168.1.1"
        },
        {
          "type": "k8s",
          "value": "ff2a6c52-5a44-4b63-b99c-0e98e7a63d61"
        },
        {
          "type": "droplet",
          "value": "163973392"
        },
        {
          "type": "tag",
          "value": "backend"
        }
      ]
    }
    update_resp = client.databases.update_firewall_rules(database_cluster_uuid="a7a8bas", body=req)

Add a Trusted Source using the Control Panel

To restrict access to a database cluster, click the name of the cluster in the control panel to go to its Overview page, then click the Settings tab.

Screenshot of cluster settings page

In the section titled Trusted Sources, click Edit to open the Add trusted sources text box.

The open Trusted Sources section of the settings page

You can enter Droplets, Kubernetes clusters, tags, or specific IP addresses. Entering a tag provides access to the database for any Droplets or Kubernetes nodes containing that tag. At this time, DigitalOcean Cloud Firewalls are not supported.

Warning
You currently cannot add IPv6 rules to a database cluster’s trusted sources.